Queer Necropolitics by Kuntsman Adi Haritaworn Jin Posocco Silvia

Author:Kuntsman, Adi, Haritaworn, Jin, Posocco, Silvia
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781136005367
Publisher: Taylor and Francis

Notes

1

For an analysis of Marlboro’s global branding strategies and the significance of freedom as a core branding value, see Hafez and Ling (2005). For deployments of freedom in relation to cigarettes, see Marlboro.com ‘packed with freedom promotion’ created by Justin Bryan Cox at Leo Burnett Advertising Agency.

2

As scholars of citizenship have argued, the universalizing American citizenship is realized through the process of individuation where citizen subjects are constituted and regulated by both the state and social institutions (Berlant 1997; Ong 1996). This process is also entangled with the construction of dangerous and victimized non-citizens whose elimination or protection through the ethos of American democracy becomes a task that is not limited to the apparatus of the state, but includes non-state institutions such as human rights organizations (Shakhsari 2002).

3

This online photo gallery was established by Kodak and AOL, shortly after 9/11.

4

The desire to be included in norms of cultural and political citizenship has seen a shift in the US. As Escoffier argues, ‘queer politics in the late 1980s and early 1990s celebrated the otherness, the different-ness, and the marginality of the homosexual, whereas the gay politics of citizenship acknowledges the satisfactions of conforming, passing, belonging, and being accepted’ (Escoffier 1998: 226).

5

Ellen DeGeneres acting as the emcee for the Emmy Awards as an ‘out’ lesbian, observation of the National Coming Out Day on the one-month anniversary of 9/11 and window posters and postcards that read, ‘United We Stand! Gay and Proud’, were examples that revealed that being out and patriotic were not contradictory, but necessary for performances of an American gay identity in times of crisis.

6

This quote from an issue of Life magazine that featured stories of those who died in the 9/11 attacks is a telling example: ‘Bingham, a six-foot-five surfer and rugby player, had ridden the horns of a bull this summer in Pamplon, Spain and lived to tell about it. The publicly gay San Franciscan had once wrestled a gun from a mugger’s hand, then beat up the mugger and his accomplice. He was tough as nails’ (2001: 89).

7

Some queer sites I explored soon after 9/11 included MetroG, Planetout, The Slant, Gay Today, the Independent Gay Forum, Rainbowquery, HRC (Human Rights Campaign), IGLHRC (International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission), NGLTF (National Gay and Lesbian Task Force), GLAAD (Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation) and Andrew Sullivan’s blogs.

8

for example, in a letter on an online forum dedicated to Mark Bingham, a gay man wrote: ‘Thanks be to his Mother who let him become who he was. What a true inspiration he will be to all the scared and intimidated people coming to terms with their sexual identity. For entirely too long we as a society were considered to be less than a man, because of how we felt or what we did in our private life. Mark set the example that so many of us lead day to day. Praise to a Hero, who happened to be gay’ (Mark Bingham Forum). This celebration of a ‘gay hero’ repeats heteronormative

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